Vol. 28, No. 2 (Fall 2004)
CONTENTS, Fall 2004
Articles
1. Adaptation of Theory for Alternative Cultural Contexts: Agnew’s General Strain Theory in South KoreaAuthors: Bongook Moon, Merry Morash. IJCACJ, 2004: Vol. 28, Iss. 1; pp. 77 - 104.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
3. Cybercrime: Towards an Assessment of its Nature and Impact
Authors: Soumyo D. Moitra. IJCACJ, 2004: Vol. 28, Iss. 1; pp. 105 - 123.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
4. Redefining the State’s Functions in Crime Control: A Critical Genesis of Local Safety Policies in Western Europe
Authors: Blaise Bonvin. IJCACJ, 2004: Vol. 28, Iss. 2; pp. 125 - 144.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
5. The Reinvention of Australian Federal Policing in the Pursuit of National Security
Authors: David Baker. IJCACJ, 2004: Vol. 28, Iss. 2; pp. 145 - 167.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
6. Trends in Women’s Gun Ownership, 1973-2002
Authors: David Bug, Philip Q. Yang. IJCACJ, 2004: Vol. 28, Iss. 2; pp. 169 - 188.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
Notes
7. German Police: Marching Ahead on the Road to ElitismAuthors: Dilip K. Das, Michael J. Palmiotto. IJCACJ, 2004: Vol. 28, Iss. 2; pp. 189 - 199.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
8. A Note on Taiwan’s National Security Council and its Role in Antiterrorism1
Authors: Hsiao-Ming- Wang. IJCACJ, 2004: Vol. 28, Iss. 2; pp. 201 - 209.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
Book Reviews
1. State Crime: Governments, Violence and CorruptionAuthors: Gorazd Mesko. IJCACJ, 2004: Vol. 28, Iss. 2; pp. 211 - 216.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
2. Superhighway Robbery: Preventing E-commerce Crime
Authors: Sameer Hinduja. IJCACJ, 2004: Vol. 28, Iss. 2; pp. 217 - 220.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
Abstracts
Moon, B. Morash, M. (2004). Adaptation of Theory for Alternative Cultural Contexts: Agnew’s General Strain Theory in South Korea. Intl. Journal of Comp & Appl. Crim. Justice. Vol. 28, Issue 2, pp. 77 - 104.
To model the relationship between strains and delinquency in a non-Western national context, the present study integrated information on adolescence in South Korea with prior theoretical and empirical work on general strain theory (GST) to explain delinquency. The sample included just under 400 adolescents in technical and college preparatory high schools in South Korea. Two types of strain, examination related strain and emotional and physical abuse by teachers, which are usually ignored in studies in the United States, are included as independent variables to increase relevance to the South Korean context. Parts of GST are very useful in explaining delinquency: (1) there is a relatively strong direct relationship between emotional and physical abuse by teachers and delinquency and (2) the interaction between emotional and physical abuse by teachers and delinquent friends is strongly related to delinquency. The efficacy of teachers’ use of practices defined in the study as emotional and physical abuse, even if these practices are intended to help youth, is highly questionable. The culturally specific adaptation of general strain theory increases theoretical generalizablility and suggests a direction for theory and research in different countries. Relevant to recent trends in immigration throughout the world, the reformulation also suggests the need to consider different cultural contexts within the United States and other countries
Moitra, S. (2004).Cybercrime: Towards an Assessment of its Nature and Impact. Intl. Journal of Comp & Appl. Crim. Justice. Vol. 28, Issue 2, pp. 105 - 124.
This paper discusses some approaches for a comprehensive analysis of cybercrime for both a better understanding of the phenomenon and policies to control it. We first discuss the nature of cybercrime, and review some of the related research issues. In view of its newness, we develop taxonomies for a more systematic classification of the different types of cybercrimes. Next, we explore some of the main empirical questions that need to be studied regarding cybercrime and describe some modeling approaches as well as the data requirements for a better understanding.
Bonvin, B. (2004). Redefining the State’s Functions in Crime Control: A Critical Genesis of Local Safety Policies in Western Europe
. Intl. Journal of Comp & Appl. Crim. Justice. Vol. 28 Issue 2, pp. 125 - 143.
Based on the hypothesis that the reinvestment of the local level in the field of public safety is the consequence of the failure of natioCommonwealth policing, since its turbulent emergence in Australia in 1917, has shown both a keen capacity to suppress dissent and a remarkable ability to reinvent itself in a variety of forms.2 Its present nomenclature of the Australian Federal Police (AFP) arose from an alleged terrorist incident: the 1978 Sydney Hilton bombing. This article argues that the fragmented AFP faced an ill-defined and uncertain future in the early 1990s. Since September 11, the revamped AFP, however, has claimed primacy as Australia’s leading law enforcement agency, but remains susceptible to government pressure. Contemporary Australian debate has focused on intelligence agency legislation, but limited analysis has addressed the AFP’s changing role, expanded powers and significantly increased budgetary resources. As terrorism, national security and people smuggling have become the new ‘‘law and order’’ federal agenda, the AFP, straining to accomplish both domestic and regional functions, has extended its transnational, off-shore policing strategies and intervention
Baker, D. (2004). The Reinvention of Australian Federal Policing in the Pursuit of National Security. Intl. Journal of Comp & Appl. Crim. Justice. Vol. 28, Issue 2, pp. 145 - 168.
Commonwealth policing, since its turbulent emergence in Australia in 1917, has shown both a keen capacity to suppress dissent and a remarkable ability to reinvent itself in a variety of forms.2 Its present nomenclature of the Australian Federal Police (AFP) arose from an alleged terrorist incident: the 1978 Sydney Hilton bombing. This article argues that the fragmented AFP faced an ill-defined and uncertain future in the early 1990s. Since September 11, the revamped AFP, however, has claimed primacy as Australia’s leading law enforcement agency, but remains susceptible to government pressure. Contemporary Australian debate has focused on intelligence agency legislation, but limited analysis has addressed the AFP’s changing role, expanded powers and significantly increased budgetary resources. As terrorism, national security and people smuggling have become the new ‘‘law and order’’ federal agenda, the AFP, straining to accomplish both domestic and regional functions, has extended its transnational, off-shore policing strategies and intervention.
Yang, P.Q., Bugg. D. (2004). Trends in Women’s Gun Ownership, 1973-2002 Intl. Journal of Comp & Appl. Crim. Justice. Vol. 28, Issue 2, pp. 169 - 188.
A grounded theory approach and sensitizing concepts were used to study U.S. best practices for addressing intimate partner violence against 55 Vietnamese American women interviewed at the beginning and end of a twelve-month period. Advocacy agency, police, and court contact were associated with women’s decisions to leave abusive relationships. Also associated were Vietnamese-speaking professionals and referrals between helping sources. Women’s observation of the deterrent effect of the law and of justice-system involvement explained the stopping of abuse in several but not all cases. Women who stayed in abusive situations received social work help from Vietnamese-speaking staff who understood their cultures, and those with emotional abuse tended to receive no assistance. All women initially had high levels of feeling controlled, frightened, and depressed. The greatest improvements were for women whose abuse stopped or who left. Best practices (coordinated community responses, culturally competent services) appeared to be effective, but nationally they are not uniformly available to many cultural and linguistic groups.
