Vol. 31, No. 1 (Spring 2007)
CONTENTS, Spring 2007
Articles
1. Assessing the Relevance of Ethnic Heterogeneity as a Predictor of Homicide at the Cross National Level Authors: Irshad Altheimer. IJCACJ, 2007: Vol. 31, Iss. 1; pp. 1 - 20.Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
2. Police Integrity and the Czech Police Officers
Authors: Sanja Kutnjak Ivkovic and Tara O'Connor Shelly. IJCACJ, 2007: Vol. 31, Iss. 1; pp. 21 - 49.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
3. The Growth Of Privatized Policing: Some Cross National data and Comparisions
Authors: Ronald Van steden and Rick Sarre. IJCACJ, 2007: Vol. 31, Iss. 1; pp. 50 - 71.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
4. Force Multiplier:People as Policing Resource.
Authors: Julie Ayling. IJCACJ, 2007: Vol. 31, Iss. 1; pp. 73 - 100.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
5. The Empowering Of The Italian Judiciary: The Shift Towards Activism
Authors: Marinella Marmo. IJCACJ, 2007: Vol. 31, Iss. 1; pp. 101 - 118.
Abstract | Full Text | Full Text - PDF
Abstracts
Altheimer. I. (2007). Assessing the Relevance of Ethnic Heterogeneity as a Predictor of Homicide at the Cross National Level . Intl. Journal of Comp & Appl. Crim. Justice. Vol. 31, Issue 1, pp. 1 - 20.
This study examines the relationship between ethnic heterogeneity and homicide at the cross-national level. Drawing insight from social disorganization theory and Blau and Blau’s (1982) theory on inequality and heterogeneity and crime, this study proposes that nations that fail to address the challenges associated with ethnic heterogeneity will have higher rates of homicide. The results show that, net of statistical controls, ethnic heterogeneity positively influences homicide. The implications of these findings are discussed
Sanja K. I., Tara O'Connor S. (2007). Police Integrity and the czech Police Officers. Journal of Comp & Appl. Crim. Justice. Vol. 31, Issue 1, pp. 21 - 50.
The Velvet Revolution of 1989 ended the socialist period in former Czechoslovakia. Sixteen years after the transition toward democratic policing, we explore the integrity contours of the Czech police. In the summer of 2005, we surveyed more than 600 police officers from East Bohemia regarding their perceptions about the seriousness of police corruption, the appropriate punishment such misconduct deserves and would receive, and their willingness to report misconduct. The results indicate that the majority of the respondents correctly labeled behaviors described in our questionnaire as rule-violating. Furthermore, with the exception of the least serious forms of corruption, they supported and expected the two most serious forms of discipline: a cut in salary and dismissal. Finally, the majority of the respondents said that they would not be willing to tolerate the most serious forms of corruption in silence.
Steden. R.V.,Sarre, R. (2007).The Growth of Privatized Policing: some Cross-national data and Comparision. Intl. Journal of Comp & Appl. Crim. Justice. Vol. 31, Issue 1, pp. 51 - 72.
The policing services offered by private security companies have been embraced enthusiastically by public and private entities the world over. It is argued in this paper that the impact of the ‘‘privatization’’ trend is, however, underestimated and understudied. In orderto understand the importance of the phenomenon, and to measure its impact, it is important for researchers to undertake international comparisons of both the reach of private security and the extent to which its industries shape and complement the policing task. In pursuit of that end, this paper is designed to provide a snapshot description of the coverage of private security industries worldwide (where current information is available), along with an analysis of their impact .
Ayling. J. (2007). Force Multiplier: People as a Policing Resource. Intl. Journal of Comp & Appl. Crim. Justice. Vol. 32, Issue 1, pp. 73 - 100.
Voluntary citizen participation in law enforcement may be carried out within public police organisations, in cooperation with police or purely as a citizen initiative. In any of its diverse forms, it is a gift of resources to police that carries with it both benefits and risks for them. Harnessing these resources in a way that maximizes benefits and minimizes risks presents police with a real challenge. This article surveys varieties of gifts of the person, explores some of their benefits, costs and risks, and considers ways in which identified risks might be minimized. The key to minimizing risks lies in carefully defining the nature and limits of these gifts, and in their oversight or monitoring by police. Finally, the article examines some possible implications of this burgeoning resource for the future compass of the public police role in security provision.
Marmo. M. (2007).The Empowering of the Italian Judiciary: the Shift towards Activism. Intl. Journal of Comp & Appl. Crim. Justice. Vol. 32, Issue 1, pp. 101 - 118.
The evolving role of the judiciary as policy-shapers and policy-makers is becoming a topical and controversial issue in Italy as well as in other legal systems. Italian judges are experiencing a new form of responsibility, well beyond a mere interpretation and application of statutes as required by the traditional Continental civil law. They are importing and interpreting European Union provisions as well as interpreting the internal legal system through their judicial review power. This paper addresses how the wider context of the European Union and the internal judicial decodification process are pushing judges to fulfill a role as policy-shapers and policy-makers in a creative and innovative way. This encompasses a novel approach to the literature on both the judicialisation of policy and politics and the expansion of judicial power. The paper tackles a new and demanding role of Italian senior judges in Europeanisation and modernisation of criminal procedure.
